Technowledge » Linux

Fix “Archive directory /var/cache/apt/archives/partial is missing” error

Sajid Iqbal — Sat, 21 Feb 2009 16:16:58 +0000

After deleting some .debs from /var/cache/apt, there was an alert displayed in my Ubuntu system tray. When I tried to install anything via apt-get or run a system upgrade, I was annoyed with this message: “Archive directory /var/cache/apt/archives/partial is missing”. Searching through Google I came to know this solution and it worked for me. You have to follow these steps:

To fix this error make sure you recreate the archives folder as well as the partial folder. open a console window and type

1. cd /var/cache/apt

2. Type ls check to make sure archives folder is displayed in case you dont see the archives folder create the folder

sudo mkdir archives if you already have the archives folder then skip this step.

3. type cd archives , create the partial folder by typing sudo mkdir partial

4. type sudo apt-get autoclean to make sure apt is working properly.

Thats it you should now be able to get apt to work properly.

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Get rid of stupid “NoClassDefFoundError” in Ubuntu

Sajid Iqbal — Mon, 26 Jan 2009 14:45:34 +0000

We use a small Java application to monitor SMS services in our company. This client application connect to the server via internet, means I can monitor the services from anywhere. It was working fine both on Windows as well Ubuntu. Three days earlier when I was cleaning up some applications after Ubuntu File System got full, I mistakenly removed JRE(Java Runtime Environment) too. Though I re-installed it later but my service monitoring application won’t run and keep printing this error in terminal:

Exception in thread “main” java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: uk.co.planetbeyond.servicemonitor.gui.ClientMain
at java.lang.Class.initializeClass(libgcj.so.90)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.swing.RowSorter not found in gnu.gcj.runtime.SystemClassLoader{urls=[file:/home/sajid/sm/sm.jar], parent=gnu.gcj.runtime.ExtensionClassLoader{urls=[], parent=null}}
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(libgcj.so.90)
at gnu.gcj.runtime.SystemClassLoader.findClass(libgcj.so.90)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(libgcj.so.90)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(libgcj.so.90)
at java.lang.Class.initializeClass(libgcj.so.90)

I googled it to get some solution but everyone had its own answer for this error. Browsing through this thread over Ubuntu forums I found this solution and it worked for me. All I have to do is to run this command in a terminal:
sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-6-sun
According to the author this command sets the JRE6 to run by default. That No Class Def Found error was probably due to invalid path to the appropriate JRE installation. Give it a try if your are facing this error.

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Download Ubuntu 9.04 Jaunty Jackalope Alpha 3

Sajid Iqbal — Sun, 25 Jan 2009 08:36:26 +0000

A new version every six month is one of the joy of using Ubuntu. It is one of the frequently updated & upgraded linux. After releasing Ubuntu 8.10 Interpid, the developers quickly started to work for next scheduled release. And here we are, the new version Ubuntu 9.04’s Alpha 3 is now available for download. According to the official release:

The Ubuntu developers are moving quickly to bring you the absolute latest and greatest software the Open Source Community has to offer. The Jaunty Jackalope Alpha 3 will be the third alpha release of Ubuntu 9.04, bringing with it the earliest new features for the next version of Ubuntu.

This is still an alpha release. Do not install it on production machines. The final stable version will be released on April 23rd, 2009.

Download Links(direct links):
Ubuntu 9.04 Alpha3 32bit
Ubuntu 9.04 Alpha3 64bit

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How to change SSH Port

Fahad Junaid — Fri, 23 Jan 2009 03:06:10 +0000

In most of the cases when a Web hosting company setup a new dedicated server, what they tech do is they do not change the SSH port as by default its “22″. Later on it might result in security threat, So what the system Administrator recommend is to change the SSH Port from “22″ to any other value. Here are few steps to change it.

1. Login as root to your server using Putty.

2. Now enter the following command to edit the ssh config file.

pico /etc/ssh/sshd_config

3. Now change the Port

4. Save the changes by pressing (ctrl+o)

5. Close that editing mode using (ctrl+x)

6. Restart SSH using the following command

service sshd restart

7. Now Login with new SSH Port.

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Checking Hard Disk Usage in Linux

Fahad Junaid — Thu, 22 Jan 2009 03:23:39 +0000

As usual I always try to learn more and more SSH tricks, Today I learned how to check hard disk usage in Linux based server. Here are few steps to follow.

Once you are connected to the server via SSH, run the following command:
# df -h

This will output the usage of each partition in the server. To list the size of a specific directory, run the following command:
# du -sh /home/

If you want to list all the subdirectory sizes under /home, run the following command:
# du -sh /home/*

The output of the ‘df’ command will show you overall disk usage. To find out how much space a give directory is used us the ‘du -s ‘ command.

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How to enable RTL languages support in OpenOffice

Sajid Iqbal — Thu, 01 Jan 2009 10:29:01 +0000

RTL or Right to left languages are commonly known as Arabic script languages but in fact there are few other languages too which are written in right to left order e.g Hebrew.
Like any other office suite OpenOffice too support RTL languages but one need to configure it to support proper direction for RTL languages. Its easy to do this:
1. Open OpenOffice Writer(or any other OpenOffice application).
2. Click Tools > Options.
3. Navigate to Language Settings > Languages and check Enable for complex text layout(CTL), press OK. We are done.

Write few lines in any RTL language & click Right-to-Left icon in formatting bar.

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How to: Remove “Your browser has been updated and needs to be restarted”

Sajid Iqbal — Fri, 26 Dec 2008 05:00:40 +0000

2 days earlier I updated my Firefox using Ubuntu Updated Manager. All went fine except Firefox, It started teasing me with an error stripe citing “Your browser has been updated and needs to be restarted”. Dismissing it did’nt work as it kept appearing & disturbing me every now than. I googled the problem & landed at bug tracking site Launchpad. This bug was already reported there, though not sorted out. Going by comments I read Savvas Radevic’s comment temporary solution. The solution was basically uninstalling & re-installing the Firefox. I tried it and fotunately it worked for me. If you are getting this error too you can try the solution given below:

Firefox menu > File > Quit
Then execute in terminal:
sudo killall -9 -r firefox
sudo apt-get purge firefox firefox-3.0 ubufox
sudo apt-get install –reinstall firefox firefox-3.0 firefox-3.0-gnome-support
When it’s done, try run firefox

I hope it works.

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The perfect web designing environment for ubuntu

Sajid Iqbal — Fri, 19 Dec 2008 14:33:51 +0000

Its been a while I am using Ubuntu & I must say that I’m lovin it. Currently I am using Ubuntu 8.10. I work as a part time web designer in my free time. After shifting from Windows to Linux i.e Ubuntu, the biggest hurdle for me was how to shift my web designing environment to my new OS. Fortunately it wasn’t that hard to mimic my favourite environment in Ubuntu thanks mainly to Wine(No, I don’t drink ).
For designing my site layout I prefer to use Adobe Photoshop. Fortunately wine supports Photoshop versions till CS2, not bad if you have to only design websites layout in it. If one is interested in some serious graphics work than off-course CS3 or CS4(the latest the better) are suitable for his work. Back to the topic, my design part is performed smoothly in Photoshop running under wine.

Notepad++ running under wine on a Ubuntu machine

Than comes coding my sites. For a web designer(and small scale developer) coding means static html(or xhtml) sites with touch of CSS & nothing more. There are linux solutions for WYSIWYG editors like Frontpage or Dreamweaver but I like to code by hand. Since different template systems are in now-a-days, coding by hand is more accurate way to accomplish the task. So, for coding I prefer Notepad++ which has some really cool features for handy coders. Though some features do not work under wine but important features like syntax highlighting for different kind of programming languages & tabs support are there to help. BTW I wonder why such a popular open source application is not yet ported to Linux?

XAMMP webserver on a Ubuntu machine

Now-a-days ready to be customize open source content management systems & blogging applications are quite popular. Almost all such applications have a template system which you can theme as per your need without any knowledge of web development technologies. All you need is to download, install & run these applications on a locally to modify the themes(or templates sometime) for your clients. This is where you have to setup some web server where you can deploy these applications for testing, modifying & making them client ready. I prefer to use lightweight XAMPP webserver for this part. Though Apache & mySQL can be installed easily from Ubuntu repositories but i prefer XAMMP as this is a one stop solution for your web server need. It has apache, mysql, filezilla & PhpMyAdmin buil in to cater all your web server needs.

This completes my personal small web designing enviroment. How about yours? Comments & suggestions are always welcome.

Update: Please vote for your favourite editor here:

Note: There is a poll embedded within this post, please visit the site to participate in this post's poll.

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